构词法词缀
共 33 行
| 词缀 | 干什么用 | 例词 |
|---|---|---|
| un- | 反义（形容词、动词） | happy → unhappy；lock → unlock |
| in- | 反义 | correct → incorrect |
| im- | 反义（b / m / p 开头的前面） | possible → impossible |
| il- | 反义（l 开头的前面） | legal → illegal |
| ir- | 反义（r 开头的前面） | regular → irregular |
| dis- | 反义、不 | like → dislike；agree → disagree |
| mis- | 弄错 | take → mistake；understand → misunderstand |
| re- | 再、重新 | write → rewrite；build → rebuild |
| pre- | 预先、在……之前 | historic → prehistoric |
| non- | 非、不 | smoker → non-smoker |
| semi- | 半 | circle → semicircle |
| inter- | 相互、中间 | national → international |
| tele- | 远 | phone → telephone |
| over- | 过度；越过 | sleep → oversleep；head → overhead |
| -er / -or | 做……的人（名词） | teach → teacher；act → actor |
| -ist | 从事某业的人 | piano → pianist；science → scientist |
| -ness | 性质、状态（名词） | kind → kindness |
| -ment | 行为或结果（名词） | develop → development |
| -ion / -tion | 行为或结果（名词） | act → action；decide → decision |
| -ity | 性质（名词） | able → ability |
| -ance / -ence | 行为、状态（名词） | appear → appearance |
| -ful | 充满……的（形容词） | care → careful；use → useful |
| -less | 没有……的（形容词） | care → careless |
| -y | 多……的（形容词） | rain → rainy；health → healthy |
| -ly | 地（副词） | quick → quickly |
| -ic | 与……有关的（形容词） | science → scientific |
| -able / -ible | 可以……的（形容词） | drink → drinkable |
| -ish | 略……的；某国的 | child → childish；red → reddish |
| -al | 与……有关的（形容词） | nature → natural |
| -en | 使变得（动词） | short → shorten；wide → widen |
| -teen / -ty | 十几；几十 | four → fourteen；six → sixty |
| -th | 序数；抽象名词 | four → fourth；grow → growth |
| -ward(s) | 朝……方向 | north → northward；home → homeward |