过去将来时
站在过去某个时间点，看当时还没发生的将来动作。
would + do；was/were going to + do
要点
- 最常见于宾语从句：主句是过去时，从句说当时的将来。
- would + do 是最通用的形式。
- was/were going to + do 强调「当时已经打算好」。
- was about to do 表示「正要」，was to do 表示「按计划」。
- was / were going to 常带一层"当时打算，后来没做成"的余味：I was going to phone you, but I forgot. —— 单用 would 没有这层落空的意思。
- was about to do 说"正要"，后面不再跟具体时刻（不说 was about to leave at five）；was / were to do 说按原定安排：The train was to start at six, but the storm delayed it.
- 参照点搬到过去之后，时间词要跟着换：tomorrow→the next day、next week→the following week、now→then、here→there、this→that —— 这套换算在「引语」那一类里最吃紧。
- 虚拟条件句里的 would 不表将来，它标的是结果：If I had his number, I would call him. —— 形式一样，跟过去将来时是两回事。
例句
He said he would help me with my homework.
他说他会帮我做作业。
I knew it was going to rain.
我就知道要下雨了。
She told me she would be back on Sunday.
她告诉我她周日会回来。
We were about to leave when the phone rang.
我们正要出门，电话响了。
She told me the meeting would start at nine.
她告诉我会议九点开始。
I was going to call you last night, but the line was busy.
昨晚我本想给你打电话，可线路一直占着。
易错提示
- 主句是现在时说将来用 will，主句一变成过去时就要跟着用 would。
- 判断口诀：站在过去看将来，就是过去将来。
- would 还有一义是"过去常常"：When he was a boy, he would fish all day. —— 这一义与将来无关，它和 used to 同族，别按本条来理解。
- 缩写 'd 会和 had 撞车：He'd leave the next day 里是 would，He'd left before I arrived 里是 had —— 看 'd 后面跟的是动词原形还是过去分词才定得下来。