关系代词 that 与 whose
that 既能指人也能指物，whose 表示所属。
that + 从句；whose + 名词 + 从句
要点
- that 既可以指人，也可以指物。
- 先行词是不定代词、序数词、最高级时，常用 that。
- whose 表示「……的」，后面必须接名词。
- whose 既能指人也能指物。
- whose 也能换成"the + 名词 + of which"：the house whose roof is red ＝ the house the roof of which is red —— 后者书面得很，认出是同一句就够。
- that 换不掉 whose：说 the boy whose father is a doctor 通，写成 the boy that father… 就不成句 —— whose 顶的是从句里 "his" 那一格。
- whose 后面的那个名词自己不再带冠词：the family whose car broke down（不写 whose the car）—— 所属已经由 whose 担着了。
例句
She enjoys food that is healthy.
她喜欢健康的食物。
She dislikes music that is too noisy.
她不喜欢太吵的音乐。
He likes books that are exciting.
他喜欢刺激的书。
This is the boy whose father is a doctor.
这就是那个父亲是医生的男孩。
The girl whose drawing won first prize is in our class.
画得了一等奖的那个女孩在我们班。
I finished the book whose title I had forgotten.
我读完了那本连书名都忘了的书。
易错提示
- whose 后面必须跟名词：the boy whose father…
- 「只用 that 不用 which」的那几种情况是中考高频考点。
- that 与 which 在限制性的"指物"这一格里常常两可（the book that / which I bought）；一旦有了逗号或介词紧贴着，两可就没有了 —— 两格分别见本类另两条。