表语与系动词
系动词后面说明主语身份或状态的部分叫表语。
主语 + 系动词 + 表语
要点
- 系动词本身意义不完整，后面必须接表语。
- 最常见的是 be 动词（am / is / are / was / were）。
- 感官系动词：look、sound、smell、taste、feel。
- 状态变化系动词：become、get、turn、grow。
- keep、stay、remain 也当系动词用，后面照样接形容词：Please stay calm. ／ The door remained locked. —— 把它们当实义动词去找宾语就拧了。
- 感官系动词后面要接名词时必须补 like：That sounds like a good idea. ／ She looks like her mother. —— 直接说 sounds a good idea 不成立。
- seem 与 appear 走不定式：He seems to know everything. ／ She appeared to be calm. —— 这一组后面接的是 to do，不接 -ing。
例句
The garden looks beautiful.
花园看起来很漂亮。
The music sounds beautiful.
这音乐听起来很美。
This flower smells wonderful.
这朵花闻起来很香。
She became more confident after the speech.
演讲后她变得更自信了。
Please stay calm and wait here.
请别慌，在这儿等。
That sounds like a good idea.
那听起来是个好主意。
易错提示
- 系动词后面接形容词作表语 —— 不说 looks beautifully。
- 感官系动词 + 形容词，是单选题的高频考点。
- 判它是系动词还是实义动词，看后面那个词修饰谁：She felt the floor（feel＝摸，后面是宾语）对比 She felt nervous（nervous 说的是她）—— 修饰主语的那一个才是系动词。