a / an 与序数词:再一次
序数词前一般用 the 表顺序,改用 a / an 时意思变成「又一、再一」。
the second time 第二次 / a second time 再一次
要点
- 序数词前一般加 the,表顺序:This is the second time I have been here.
- 序数词前加 a / an 表「又一、再一」,约等于 another:He asked me to try it a second time.
- a third / a fourth 同理:We need a third room.(还需要第三间房)
- 判断办法:说「第几」用 the,说「再来一个」用 a / an。
- the + 序数词 + 最高级是常见搭配:the third longest river(第三长的河流)。
- 同一层意思还有两条路:another + 单数(another day 又一天)、another / more + 复数(another two days = two more days 还要两天)—— a second 后面只跟单数,数量一多就得换这两条。
- 序词还能直接当名词用,后面挂 to do:He was the first to arrive(他是第一个到的)、She was the last to leave —— 这一格里的 the 不能换成 a。
例句
He has read the book twice and wants to read it a third time.
这本书他读过两遍,还想再读一遍。
This is the second time that she has made the same mistake.
这是她第二次犯同样的错误了。
Don't be afraid of failure. Give it a second try.
别怕失败,再试一次。
Two apples are on the table, and a third one is in the bag.
桌上有两个苹果,袋子里还有一个。
Wait a second — I would like to try it a second time.
稍等一下,我想再试一次。
They needed another two days to finish the work.
他们还需要两天才能做完这活。
易错提示
- a second time 不是「第二次」而是「再一次」;「第二次」要说 the second time。
- 序数词前用 the,最高级前也用 the,两者叠在一起时 the 只出现一次:the second most popular sport。
- a second 常不表顺序而是"片刻":Wait a second(等一下)—— 见到 a second 先判它是"再一次"还是"一会儿"。
- the first / the last 当名词单用时已经顶掉了名词位置:He was the first of the three(三个人里他最早),后面不再补人也能站住。