直接引语变间接引语(祈使句)
转述命令或请求时,改成 ask / tell sb. (not) to do。
"Open the door." → He told me to open the door.
要点
- 用 ask、tell、order、beg 等动词 + sb. + (not) to do。
- 原来的动词原形变成不定式。
- 否定祈使句用 not to do。
- 去掉 please,语气由转述动词体现。
- warn / remind 也顶这一格,且各自带介词:He warned us against touching the wire. / She reminded us of the rule. —— 转述动词一换,后面的介词跟着换。
- 以 let 起头的"咱们……吧"转述成 suggest / propose:She said, "Let us go." → She proposed that we should go.(也可说 She proposed going.)—— 别写成 she told us to let go。
- "再也不……"能用 never 顶在 to 前面:He told me never to tell anyone. —— 比 not to do 更硬,位置仍在 to 之前。
例句
He told me to open the door.
他让我把门打开。
She asked me not to be late.
她叫我别迟到。
The teacher told us to keep quiet.
老师让我们保持安静。
He asked her to wait for him.
他让她等他一下。
He warned us against touching the wet paint.
他提醒我们别碰没干的油漆。
She proposed that we should meet at the gate.
她提议我们在门口碰头。
易错提示
- 祈使句变间接引语一律变成不定式,不再是从句。
- 否定时 not 放在 to 前面:not to do,不是 to not do。
- 不定式的逻辑主语必须是转述动词后面那个人:He told me to wait.(wait 的是我)—— 少了这个人,"叫谁去做"就没了着落。
- order 只带命令口吻,日常转述用 tell / ask 就够 —— 挑错转述动词比挑错语法更显眼,读一句就知道语气对不对。