直接引语变间接引语（陈述句）
转述别人的话时，人称、时态、时间状语都要跟着变。
He said, "I am busy." → He said (that) he was busy.
要点
- 去掉引号，用 that 引导宾语从句（that 常可省略）。
- 人称跟着主语变：I → he / she，my → his / her。
- 时态退一格：一般现在→一般过去，一般过去→过去完成，一般将来→过去将来。
- 时间地点状语要变：now → then，today → that day，here → there。
- say to sb. 要改成 tell sb.。
- 引号去掉后，句里的指示词也要跟着挪远：this → that、these → those —— "This is my seat." 转出来是 He said that was his seat.（这一步老规矩没列，与时间地点词同属"离现场远了"那一改。）
- 原来那句里的 you 指的是谁，要先定下来再挑宾格：She said, "I will help you." 转成 She said she would help me（对我讲的）或 help him（对他讲的）—— 转述里没有能照搬的 you，它得换成 me / him 这一类宾格。
- 时间词那一步也有松动的时候：事情到现在还在往下走，就不必改成过去那一套（He said his mother is out of town. —— 说的时候人确实还不在）—— 只有那段时间已经过去，才非改不可。
例句
He said (that) he was busy.
他说他很忙。（原话：I am busy.）
She told me (that) she had finished it.
她告诉我她已经做完了。
He said (that) he would come the next day.
他说他第二天会来。
She said (that) she lived there then.
她说她那时住在那儿。
She said she would help me with the bags.
她说她会帮我拎那些箱子。
He said that his mother was then out of town.
他说他母亲那时不在城里。
易错提示
- 转述客观真理时时态不变。
- say to me 一定要改成 told me，这是最容易漏掉的一步。
- say / tell / speak / talk 四个词里只有 tell 能直接带"人"：told me 说得通，其余都要补介词 —— 顺手写成 said me 是这一格最常见的一笔错。
- 引号里的标点跟着原话走，句号由整句决定："I am busy," he said. 里那个逗号已经顶掉了句号，句末不再另加 —— 听写与默写常在这种小地方丢分。